Malakand University Research Journal of Pashto (Palatana) ISSN:2304-1463

The critical review of drama & dramas of Lashay

Dr. Nasrullah Khan Majnoon — 2024-02-16

The literature is universal truth in the sense of expression of humane emotions. Humane want relaxation in their lives due the continuous life process. Writers have that skill to entertain and point out the main theme of social, economic and political issues and give the solution. Literature is the way and politics is following that way which literature has shown. The writer plays his role through his literary words in different genres and style of writing, sometimes in serious way and sometime in satirical way. Drama is the oldest form of fiction and literature as well.it starts from Church and lead to the world through its own world of lives and life. The humane are the entire performer here on the stage of the globe. Everyone has his own role to play. The dramatist is the person who picturizes that scenes on the stage to show what the humane is doing. This paper will describe in details the satire and the evolution of drama and then will discuss the Lashay’s(لشې) daramas written by Dr. Muhammad Azam Azam the well-known Pashto writer. He is a poet and a satire writer as well. Lashay is consist if light essays and short dramas which has the clear image of the Pashtun society.

A Comparative Lexical Study of Pashto Dialects (Dawarwala, Orakzai, Bangash)

Muhammad Tahir Khan (Tahir Dawar) — 2024-03-02

Linguists define a dialect as a dialect that is spoken in a particular tribe, a particular region, or a particular community, and the language has special phonology, grammar and vocabulary, so it is called a dialect. So here we also study a part of the dialects mentioned in the title before the definition of the dialect, i.e. the comparison of vocabulary. Because these three tribes are basically a Karlani tribe, but this tribe is further divided into smalls tribes. Of which half comes in the descendant of Kaki and half comes in the descendant of Kudi. In this division of Karlani tribes, Dawar, Orakzai and Bangash also come Dawar is considered to be a descendant of Kaki, and Orakzi and Bangash are considered to be descendant of Kudi, that is, there is a strong relationship between Dawar, Orakzi and Bangash. Therefore, we also considered it necessary to determine the linguistic relationship between these three tribes that how many matches and mismatches there are in their conversation, from this lexical study of the languages of Dawars, Oraks and Bangash, we will also know the linguistic relationship of these tribes apart from their Ancestry relationship.

Superstitious and Irrational Beliefs and Faiths Reflection in the Poetry of Rahman Baba

Dr. Shakeel Ahmad — 2024-03-03

Unnatural, idealistic ideas, thought, events are termed as superstitious in nature. These types of thoughts and beliefs may easily be found in almost all the societies around the global. This reflects the evolutionary process involved in the traditional & societal life. Literature, the mirror of life, also reflects the same. Abd Ur Rahman Baba the most prominent classical poet has his own school of thought, way of expression, attitude, also discussed the same phenomenon in his poetry. By this way he had tried to expose the common perception, cultural and traditional attitude and manners of the people. In this paper the same aspect of the poetry of Rahman Baba will be discussed in depth.

Progressivism in Fazal Ahmad Ghar's Poetry

Usama Khan — 2024-03-03

Fazal ahmad Ghar is a prominent poet of the twentieth century in Pashto literature. Although, directly or indirectly, he was not associated with any progressive movement, like other poets of his age, he is also influenced by progressivism. His poetry is a reflection of contemporary society. This paper is an attempt to analyze his poetry and to elaborate the impact of progressivism in it.

A research based study of the phonological features of south-east varieties wtih the reference of vowels, Simi vowels and diphthongs.

Mir Hassan Khan Atal — 2024-03-03

Vowel sounds can be considered the most important and significant element of a language, because without vowel sounds, others sound like consonants, cannot move or connect with each other. in other words, it can also be said that these are the voices that give life to the silent voices, give them breath. another important thing is that a sylable is created only with the help of an vowel sounds. every syllable must have at least one vowel sound. a word that can be considered as the foundation of a language or dialect cannot come into existence until the process of making the sylable is done. like language, the role of vowel can be considered important in the development of a dialect or rigional varieties the important thing is that when evaluating the phonological features of a dialect, it is necessary to study and analyze the vowel sounds of that dialect, as well as rigional varieties. the south-east dailect (southern pashtunkhwa), which can be considered a part of the south-west dailect (soft or kandahari dialect), has its own phonological features like some other dialects of the pashto language. especially in terms of vowel sounds, there are significant differences with other dialects. in this research paper, a research review of the vowel of the south-east dialect has been made. and in the light of them, an attempt has been made to explore the special phonlogical features that arise as a result of the vowel sounds.

The mystical color in the poetry of Tahir Kulachi

Dr, Noor Muhammad (Danish Bettani) — 2024-03-03

Tahir Kulachi is a shining star of Pashto literature. Also known as Rehman Baba of the Southern Districts. In this a article discusses the short life of Tahir Kulachi, and its services to Pashto literature are also briefly described. By the way, Tahir Kulachi has tried to write poetry on different genres in Pashto literature, but his poems have a mystical color. That is way we have tried to bring out the mystical color in his poetry for the fans of literature

A Research Study of Lliterary Services of Nawab Muhammad Sharif Khan

Saeed Ahmad Sahil — 2024-03-03

Nawab Muhammad Sharif Khan remained ruler of princely state of Dir. He had inclination towards literary activities as well. Some people may not agree with some of his political policies that he adopted during his reign but his contribution in literary field cannot be denied. They had love for learned and literary people due to which individuals with scholarly qualities were part of his court. In his era, he remained engaged in armed conflicts with internal and external forces. He had to cope with conspiracies and rebellion within the State. However, despite all these odds, he was able to contribute in the literary field as well. His endeavours in this regard are of great importance and it contributed towards promoting Pashtu language. In this research article, a review of the literary works is given that were written, translated and published with the support of Nawab Muhammad Sharif Khan. These literary services were “Manaqib Hazart Akhun Ilyas” by Muhammad Sharif Swati, “Shahana Ferdosi” (Pastu Translation) by Maulvi Muhammad Rafiq, “Tehzibul Islam alias Tuhfa Sharifia” by Qazi Irfan Uddin and “Sahifa Zareen” by Prag Narien Bhargo”. This study will reveal the personality traits of Nawab Sharif Khan, his administrative skills, generosity, love for knowledge and his literary taste.

Image of Pashtoon’s Social and Cultural Values Depicted in Kakarai Ghari

Hafeez Ur Rehman Dauran — 2024-03-03

In pursuit of a magnificent life, man has always gone through various trials and temptations to lead a wonderful life. To navigate these trials and face these temptations he has to follow certain principles. These principles are called as values. These values provide a framework for facing challenges and abiding by societal norms. Norms serve as societal guidelines, reflecting shared beliefs about what is considered morally right or wrong, desirable or undesirable. They play a crucial role in shaping behavior and maintaining a sense of order within a community. As Pashtoons constitutes one of the largest societies of the world, their norms could be followed in their societal lives.

The values of Pashtoonwali play a crucial role in providing a moral compass for individuals within the Pashtoon society. Pashtoonwali is the un-written constitution of Pashtoons, and its values and traditions are Maraka, Jirga, Nanawathi, Panah and Rogha Jorha, as well as Darha, Badraga, Badla, and Peghor are the main elements of Pashtoons’ life. Moreover, the interplay between love and rebellion often unfolds in a parallel dimension, showcasing the intricate dynamics where emotions and defiance coexist. This duality can bring about both tension and transformation within personal and societal realms.

In this article, Pashtoon’s social and cultural values, and its image in Kakarai Ghari, one of the salient and certified genres of the Pashto folklore, has been thoroughly discussed.

The Origin of the Yusufzai Tribe: Myth and Reality

Khurshid Iqbal — 2024-03-21

The origins of the Pashtun tribes are shrouded in mystery. The lack of information on the topic allowed certain religious clerics of the seventeenth century to fill the gap with unverified claims of linking Pashtuns with Bani Israel and other Semitic races. With the passage of time, the Israelite origins of the Pashtun tribes became very popular among the masses. However, modern historical, linguistic, and scientific research proved that these claims of the early writers were based on their subjective desires instead of reality. This paper intends to trace the origin of the Yusufzai tribe from ancient sources of history and recent linguistic and genetic study. The article reveals some unexplored literary sources and recent scientific information on the origin of Yusufzai to reach an authentic conclusion.