اسلام کے قانون جنگ میں انسانیت کا مفاد و نقصان: ایک حقیقت پسندانہ جائزہ

Abstract

Understanding global philosophies of peace and war necessitates reflection on two fundamental aspects of human nature. First, humans are innately inclined toward peace, as their essential needs, life goals, and the very structure of the universe favor coexistence and harmony. War, by contrast, obstructs these aims and contradicts the natural human disposition.

Second, human nature also contains a potential for evil, influenced further by external forces such as Satan. This inclination fuels greed, power struggles, and injustice, often compelling others to defend themselves, making war a necessity in specific contexts. Thus, warfare, though undesirable, becomes a justified response under the law of necessity.

The paper examines how different civilizations and legal traditions have responded to these realities—whether they upheld war as a last resort or normalized it as a tool of power. It investigates whether a given philosophy seeks lasting peace or merely postpones future conflict. Through this lens, the study aims to identify the war doctrines that truly serve humanity’s moral and collective interests